Low levels could be caused by pernicious anemia, not consuming enough vitamins through your diet, or as a side effect of some medications
The GRADE assessment showed moderate certainty of evidence for the increase in serum vitamin B12 levels and low certainty of evidence for homocysteine reduction, both across all studies and within RCT-only and observational-only subgroups
However, we prefer subcutaneous administration over intramuscular injection, especially for frequent self-injection
If you are using a compounded product and you were not told it contains B12, but the liquid is pink, contact your pharmacy immediately to confirm the formulation
Plastic Vials: Polypropylene vials are chemically resistant but translucent
Mostly, vitamin B12 is advised to be taken in the morning or with a meal, since it is associated with energy metabolism, which may interrupt your sleep if taken at night